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Molecular Modeling
Explore computational approaches in biology, chemistry, and drug design with molecular modeling. Advance your research with theoretical knowledge, analysis techniques, and the latest software!


Time Integration Algorithms in Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are a powerful computational tool for understanding structure–dynamics–function relationships at the atomic level; however, reaching long timescales, especially in large biomolecular systems, entails substantial computational cost. For this reason, numerous “acceleration algorithms” have been developed, ranging from the numerical integration of the equations of motion—forming the foundation of classical MD—to the optimization of force calcu

Emre Can Buluz
Mar 15 min read


Achieving Equilibrium in Molecular Dynamics: Temperature and Pressure Control in NVT and NPT Ensembles
When investigating the behavior of microscopic systems using in silico methods, it is critically important to define the physical conditions under which the system evolves. While energy is conserved in an isolated system (microcanonical ensemble), real experimental conditions are typically open to heat and work exchange with the surrounding environment.

İlayda Boyraz
Feb 84 min read


Introduction to Molecular Dynamics (MD) Simulations
Bilgisayar tabanlı moleküler dinamik (MD) simülasyonları, klasik hareket kurallarını kullanarak biyolojik sistemlerde yer alan atom ve moleküllerin zaman içerisindeki hareketlerini inceler. 1950'lerden beri moleküler simülasyonlar; yoğun madde sistemlerindeki sorunları çözmek çözmek amacıyla kullanılmaktadır.

Yağmur Çavaş
Jan 244 min read


Molecular Mechanics' Cornerstone: Force Fields - Part 2
In molecular modeling, the factors that determine the energy of a system are not limited to bonded interactions such as bonds, angles, and torsions. Even when atoms are not directly connected through covalent bonds, they can still influence each other via non-bonded interactions. These interactions form the basis of many physical and biological processes, including molecular folding, stability, binding affinity, and phase behavior.

Emre Can Buluz
Aug 21, 20256 min read


Molecular Mechanics’ Cornerstone: Force Fields – Part 1
Moleküler modelleme, atomlar arası etkileşimleri sayısal olarak tanımlayarak doğadaki fiziksel süreçleri bilgisayar ortamında canlandırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu sürecin temel yapı taşlarından biri olan kuvvet alanları (force fields), atomların birbirleriyle nasıl etkileştiğini belirleyen matematiksel fonksiyonlar ve parametrik sabitler bütünüdür. Kuvvet alanları sayesinde moleküllerin geometrisi optimize edilir.

Emre Can Buluz
Aug 10, 20257 min read


The Path to Energy Minimum: Fundamentals of Geometry Optimization
In molecular modeling studies, the first step to realistically reflect the physical behavior of a structure is to bring it to its...

Emre Can Buluz
Jun 21, 20255 min read


Topography of the Chemical Universe: Potential Energy Surfaces
What is a Potential Energy Surface? A potential energy surface (PES) is a multidimensional surface that represents the total energy...

İlayda Boyraz
May 18, 20255 min read


The Three-Dimensional World of Molecules: Molecular Geometry and Molecular Shapes
The three-dimensional structure of molecules is one of the most important factors determining their chemical and biological properties....

Emre Can Buluz
Apr 28, 20257 min read


History and Basic Concepts of Molecular Modeling
What is Molecular Modeling? Molecular modeling is a technique that uses computer-aided methods to understand, predict, analyze or...

Ege Altun
Apr 28, 20255 min read
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